d closing your eyes for a few minutes can be restorative（恢复/有助健康的）.
几乎没有老板会准许午睡，但就在椅子上坐着眯几分钟，也能恢复体力。
b)In certain societies shame was the only sanction against wrongdoing.
在某些社会中，羞耻曾是防止不道德行为的唯一约束力。
13【approbation】
N.认可，嘉许
a)His sensitiveness to approbation , his hope of winning favor by an agreeable act, are made use of to induce action in another direction .
儿童对认可比较敏感，希望用优良的行为赢得人们的好感。可以利用这种心理，诱使行动走向另外的方向。
b)Viewed from the individual and community of human beings, the value-approbation can be divided into self-value and national value.
从人作为个体和群体的存在方式来看，价值认同可以分为自我价值认同和民族价值认同。
14【allegiance】
N.效忠，忠诚
a)The natural world is vastly complex web of competing interests with no allegiance to any species or philosophy.
自然世界是一个各种利益互相竞争的巨大而复杂的网络，它并不忠于任何一个物种或思想。
b)This kind of moral awareness is ultimately allegiance to the rule of moral self discipline, rather than the morality of self-discipline.
这种道德觉醒终究是效忠统治的他律道德，而非自我关怀的自律道德。（论文《再议“仁义内外”的问题》）
15【dispose】
N./V.处理，安排
a)Now considered how she was to dispose of herself in a strange country so far from home.
这时候她离家很远了，想着自己到了异乡该怎样安排自己的生活才好。
b)One thousand years in the future, citizens of the earth may be able to dispose of their rubbish using an ecological system.
千年之后地球上的居民可能可以用生态系统来处理垃圾。
16【saturnine】
Adj.忧郁的，阴沉的
a)Do not be misled by his saturnine countenance.
别被他阴郁的外表欺骗了。
b)How evil he looked? The face was saturnine and swarthy（皮肤黝黑的）, and the sensual lips seemed to be twisted with disdain（鄙视）.
他神气多凶！他的脸色黝黑而又阴沉，肉感的双唇仿佛由于鄙夷而扭曲着。
17【stature】
N.身高，高度
a)If we judge cultural significance with how deep, then the enlargement of the heart is just a stature.
如果说底蕴的深厚是一种高度，那么心灵的宽广则是一种境界。
b)To love everybody, he sometimes did not see the very closest ones, and that is inevitable for me